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Global warming in the Arctic
The effects of global warming in the Arctic include rising temperatures, loss of sea ice, and melting of the Greenland ice sheet.〔〔〔 Potential methane release from the region, especially through the thawing of permafrost and methane clathrates, is also a concern. Because of the amplified response of the Arctic to global warming, it is often seen as a leading indicator of global warming.
==Rising temperatures==
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, "warming in the Arctic, as indicated by daily maximum and minimum temperatures, has been as great as in any other part of the world."〔 The period of 1995-2005 was the warmest decade in the Arctic since at least the 17th century, with temperatures above the 1951-1990 average. Some regions within the Arctic have warmed even more rapidly, with Alaska and western Canada's temperature rising by .〔Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (2004): ''Arctic Climate Impact Assessment''. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-61778-2, siehe (online )〕 This warming has been caused not only by the rise in greenhouse gas concentration, but also the deposition of soot on Arctic ice.〔Quinn, P.K., T. S. Bates, E. Baum et al. (2007): ''Short-lived pollutants in the Arctic: their climate impact and possible mitigation strategies'', in: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 7, S. 15669–15692, siehe (online )〕 A 2013 article published in Geophysical Research Letters has shown that temperatures in the region haven't been as high as they currently are since at least 44,000 years ago and perhaps as long as 120,000 years ago. The authors conclude that "anthropogenic increases in greenhouse gases have led to unprecedented regional warmth."〔(Arctic Temperatures Highest in at Least 44,000 Years ), Livescience, Oct 24, 2013〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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